
Fully biodegradable plastic bags are mainly made of natural macromolecular
materials (such as starch, cellulose, chitin) or agricultural and sideline
products through microbial alcoholization or synthetic biodegradable polymers,
such as thermoplastic starch plastic, aliphatic polyester, polylactic acid,
starch, polyvinyl alcohol, etc.
Under composting conditions, due to the biological reaction process,
plastics can be degraded and dissolved, and then completely degraded into carbon
dioxide, water and other new biomass. The heavy metal content, toxicity test and
residual small fragments of compost must meet the requirements of relevant
international and national standards.
The European Union standard EN13,432 and the American standard have been
widely adopted as the international standard and international certification
standard for the complete biodegradability of plastics. According to the EU
EN13432 standard, fully biodegradable materials and products need to meet the
following four requirements:
1. When the material or product passes the three-month composting test, 90%
of the plastic must be dissolved into small particles less than 2mm.
2. Within 180 days (90 days for mixtures), 90% of the materials or products
must be degraded and converted into carbon dioxide water.
3. The material or product must meet the strict limit of heavy metal
content specified by the state.
4. The quality of toxicological test results must be positive and reliable
to the environment.
Disposable environment-friendly plastic film products are widely used as
anti-static film products such as medical hygiene film, agricultural film,
shopping bag, vest bag, fresh-keeping bag, garbage bag, rolling bag, disposable
gloves, such as electronic product packaging bags. Driven by environmental
protection policies, biodegradable plastics such as PLA, PBAT, PHA, PCL, PBS,
starch and related additives and equipment are being applied in disposable
tableware, packaging, agriculture, automobile, textile and other fields,
ushering in new market development opportunities.
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